宋-斗茶Tea Games in the Song Dynasty
宋代，飲茶已成為開(kāi)門(mén)七件事之一。宋徽宗于公元1107年著有《大觀茶論》一書(shū)，全書(shū)共二十篇，對(duì)北宋時(shí)期蒸青團(tuán)茶的產(chǎn)地、采制、烹試、品質(zhì)、斗茶風(fēng)尚等均有詳細(xì)記述。其中“點(diǎn)茶”一篇，見(jiàn)解精辟，論述深刻．從一個(gè)側(cè)面反映了北宋以來(lái)我國(guó)茶業(yè)的發(fā)達(dá)程度和制茶技術(shù)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，也為我們認(rèn)識(shí)宋代茶道留下了珍貴的文獻(xiàn)資料。
In the Song Dynasty, drinking tea has become one of the sevenessential things of daily life. In 1107, Emperor Huizong wrote the book Views on Tea. The book consists of 20 articles, covering the origin, picking, making, quality of steamed and extruded green tea, and the fashion of tea games in the North Song Dynasty. One of the insightful and profound articles, Ceremonies of Pouring Tea, reflects the prosperity of China's tea industry and the development of tea-making technology since the North Song Dynasty, and is also precious literature for us to know the tea ceremony at that time.
明 宣德無(wú)款 黃地堆花綠龍紋茶鐘
明代，洪武二十四年（公元1391年），明太祖正式廢除福建建安團(tuán)茶進(jìn)貢，禁造團(tuán)茶，改茶制為芽茶，“罷造龍團(tuán)，惟采芽茶以進(jìn)”，就此改變了飲用末茶的習(xí)慣，也結(jié)束了自唐以來(lái)團(tuán)茶居領(lǐng)先地位的歷史。改進(jìn)散茶，引起沖泡法的改變，茶壺開(kāi)始廣泛使用。 自明朝開(kāi)始，青茶（烏龍茶）、花茶、黑茶、紅茶等各類(lèi)茶葉開(kāi)始創(chuàng)制出現(xiàn)。
清代，茶館達(dá)到鼎盛。
In the twenty-fourth year of the Hongwu reign in the Ming Dynasty (1391 AD), Emperor Ming Taizu officially abolished the tribute of steamed and extruded green tea from Jian'an, Fujian Province, replacing it with bud tea. It changed people’s habit of drinking tea cake and ended the leading position of tea cake since the Tang Dynasty. Bud tea also changed the tea making method and teapots began to be widely used.
Since the Ming Dynasty, various types of tea, such as oolong tea, flower tea, dark tea, and black tea were created. Until the Qing Dynasty, the development of teahouse reached its peak.
清末、民國(guó)，因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等原因，社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩，民生凋敝，我國(guó)茶業(yè)處于艱難困頓狀態(tài)。
1949年之后，我國(guó)茶業(yè)得以陸續(xù)恢復(fù)，目前已進(jìn)入蓬勃發(fā)展階段。正像一句名言所說(shuō)：盛世興茶！
From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, China's tea industry went through a difficult period due to political instability, wars and other reasons.
Since 1949, the tea industry began to recover gradually and until now it has entered the period of vigorous development, just like a famous saying goes: tea meets its prosperity in flourishing age!
